High temperature and high pressure gel breaking flow experimental device

1、 Instrument functions

The instrument can conduct the following research under simulated formation pressure and temperature conditions

1. Determination of liquid permeability

At a certain flow rate, the liquid is passed through the core. By measuring the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the core and the flow rate of the liquid flowing through the core, combined with other parameters, the permeability of the core liquid is calculated according to Darcy's law.

2. Evaluation of formation damage (formation sensitivity)

Study the damage caused by fracturing fluid, drilling fluid, completion fluid, etc. to the formation.

Research on the compatibility mechanism between foreign substances and geological formations, such as water sensitivity, velocity sensitivity, salt sensitivity, acid sensitivity, alkali sensitivity, forward and reverse flow, volumetric flow rate, injection series fluids, etc.

3. Research on oil extraction technology, such as acidification, fracturing, water plugging, adjusting injection production profiles, and other experiments.

2、 Main technical parameters

1. Work pressure

Ring pressure: 50MPa

Displacement pressure: 40MPa

Pressure test accuracy: 0.1% F · S

2. Flow range

0.01～10mL/min

3. Working temperature: 150 ℃, temperature control accuracy: ± 1 ℃

4. Core specifications: φ 25 × 25-100mm

5. Power supply: AC 380V, 50HZ

6. Total power: 6Kw

3、 Basic composition and structure of the instrument

The instrument mainly consists of an injection system, a glue breaking system, a modeling system, a metering system, an automatic control system, and a data acquisition and processing system. See workflow for details:

Inject system:Composed of an injection pump, an intermediate container, and pipe valves, various fluids can be injected into the model at a certain flow rate.

Glue breaking system:It is composed of injection pump, intermediate container, filter, pipe valve, which can pressurize the gel through the filter screen to break the gel.

Simulation system:It consists of a core gripper, a constant temperature box, an annular pressure pump, a back pressure system, etc.

Measurement system:Including pressure measurement, temperature measurement, liquid flow measurement, etc.

Auto-Control:The computer automatically controls the flow rate of the injection pump, and the ring pressure pump automatically tracks the internal pressure

Data collection and processing:Composed of various data acquisition cards, computers, printers, and acquisition and processing software, it can timely collect parameters such as pressure, temperature, and liquid flow rate, and perform arithmetic processing on the data.

4、 Technical specifications for the components that make up the instrument

1. Injection pump, glue breaking pump

Model HLB1040, working pressure 40MPa, flow rate 0 01~10ml/min

The pump can be operated by a computer or manually operated on a panel.

2. Intermediate container

ZR-3 piston type intermediate container: volume: 1000mL, pressure resistance: 40MPa, material: 304, 3 pieces

ZR-3 piston type rubber breaking intermediate container: volume: 1000ml, pressure resistance: 40Mpa, material: 316L, 2 pieces

Used for storing replacement media and serving as a buffer.

3. Core clamp

Applicable core specifications: φ 25 × 100mm

Work pressure: 50Mpa

Material: 304

4. Environmental pressure tracking pump

The ring pressure tracking pump automatically tracks the displacement pressure and maintains the pressure difference between the displacement pressure and the ring pressure.

Environmental pressure tracking pump: Model: DJB-80

5. Backpressure control system

Used to control the outlet pressure of rock cores, with a control range of 0-40MPa

Backpressure pump: working pressure 40MPa

Backpressure buffer container: ZR-2 type, 1000mL, 40MPa

Back pressure valve: Top loading type, 40Mpa,

6. Thermostatic box

Working temperature: Room temperature~150 ℃

Studio dimensions: 1400 × 750 × 850mm (length × width × height)

Front and rear doors, interior lighting, made of stainless steel material

Hot air circulation, using PID regulation temperature control technology, with uniform temperature inside the box and high temperature control accuracy.

Install rolling casters for easy mobility.

7. Valves, pipelines, fittings and processes

Adopting DW6 and DW3 internal sleeve high-pressure valves and fittings, with a pressure resistance of 70MPa and material: 304

Design a forward and reverse displacement process, which can conduct forward and reverse displacement experiments

8. Measurement system

Pressure measurement: ring pressurePressure transmitter 60MPa 1 piece

Each pressure measuring point2 pressure transmitters 60MPa

All pressures are displayed using an NHR-5100C pressure digital display, or can be collected by a computer through the RS232 port on the digital display.

Temperature measurement:Using PT100 temperature probe and XMT-7512ZX-RZ temperature controller to set, control, and measure temperature.

Liquid flow measurement:Using the balance weighing method to calculate liquid flow rate

Balance model: AL204， Range 210g, accuracy 0 1mg

Computer automatically collects and calculates traffic values

9. Data collection system

Use MOXA C168H/PCI and MOXA C104H/PCI data acquisition boards to timely collect pressure, temperature, and flow rate.

10. Automatic control system

Computers can control the following external devices

(1) Injection pump: Through the communication interface of the pump, the computer can control the injection flow rate of the pump;

(2) Ring pressure tracking: The computer automatically controls the opening and closing of the ring pressure pump and solenoid valve through the PCI 8360 terminal board, maintaining the pressure difference between the displacement pressure and the ring pressure.

Block diagram of collection, measurement and control system

11. Application software and data processing

The software runs in the Windows 2000/XP environment and is programmed using VB. The workflow of the instrument is displayed on the interface, which enables human-machine dialogue. After the operator sets the parameters, unmanned operation can be achieved. The computer can automatically collect all pressure, temperature, and flow, and control the operation of the pump. The automatic tracking of the ring pressure pump and the direction change of the pressure reversing valve can also be achieved.

The data collected by the computer can be processed to generate raw data reports, analysis reports, and curve graphs. At the same time, the database file format can be customized for users to use flexibly.

Computer: Lenovo 4900 19 'LCD display

printer: HP 1020

5、 Main technical features

1. The device adopts modular design and can be combined according to different experimental requirements;

2. Can simulate high-temperature and high-pressure displacement tests under geological conditions;

3. Key components are imported to improve the reliability and accuracy of testing;

4. Implement computer automation control, collection, and processing;

5. Track the injection pressure of the ring pressure and maintain a constant pressure difference;

6. The instrument design has a forward and reverse displacement process, which allows for core forward and reverse displacement tests without the need to extract the core;

7. The structure of the instrument is reasonable, the appearance is beautiful and elegant, the operation is convenient, and it is durable;

8. The selection of parts is complete, and different specifications of models from our factory can be selected according to different experimental needs, making the instrument widely used in various experimental research fields.

6、 An complete

The safe operation of instruments involves the personal safety of operators and the normal service life of instruments. The design fully considers their safety and operability

1. Pressure limit protection

Both the displacement pump and the ring pressure pump are designed with limit protection pressure. When the pump pressure reaches the limit protection pressure, the pump will automatically stop for protection.

2. Temperature limit protection

The thermostat is designed with a maximum protection temperature. When the temperature inside the thermostat reaches the maximum protection temperature, the instrument automatically cuts off the power supply.

3. Leakage protection

When the instrument experiences leakage, it will automatically cut off the power protection.

4. Anti scald protection

The instrument valve operating handle is installed outside the constant temperature for easy operation, preventing burns, and avoiding temperature drops when opening the door.

5. Each intermediate container is equipped with a pressure gauge to monitor the pressure changes inside the container during heating, preventing liquid expansion and pressure overload during heating.

The manufacturer reminds operators to pay attention to the following points:

*All types of instruments and computers must ensure correct power input and be equipped with automatic voltage stabilization protection devices.

*Ensure that all parts of the instrument have good grounding.

*The pressure of each part of the process manifold should not exceed the design pressure, especially not exceed the range of various detection instruments. Extra caution must be taken when using gas pressurization.

*The valve design of the instrument is manual operation. Please pre design the test process according to the test steps. Any valve operation error may lead to the failure of the entire test.

*When operating the system at high temperatures, insulated gloves must be worn to prevent burns.

Special attention: When heating, due to the expansion of the liquid caused by heat, the pressure increases. Always pay attention to the pressure of the liquid inside the container to prevent it from exceeding the container's operating pressure.

7、 An dress

All instruments have been installed and tested before leaving the factory. For the convenience of packaging and transportation, the instrument is divided into different parts for packaging. Please carefully refer to the flowchart during installation.

The installation work can also be jointly completed by the factory's technical personnel and the user, so that the user can further familiarize themselves with the instrument and facilitate daily maintenance in the future.

8、 Basic operations

1. Rock sample preparation

⑴. Rock sample drilling and cutting: Drill the rock sample into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 25, cut both ends flat, and the cutting surface is perpendicular to the axis.

Refer to SY/T5336 for the method of drilling rock samples

⑵. Wash oil for rock samples

The oil washing method shall be carried out in accordance with SY/T5336

⑶. Drying of rock samples

The drying temperature of the rock sample is controlled at 60-65 ℃. After drying for 24 hours, it is weighed every 8 hours. When the difference between the two weighings is less than 10mg, the measured mass of the rock sample is recorded.

⑷. Measure the geometric dimensions of the rock sample: length (L), diameter (D).

⑸. The determination of gas permeability in rock samples shall be carried out in accordance with SY/T5336.

(6) Extract saturated oil (water) from the rock sample, weigh it wet, and calculate the pore volume of the rock sample.

Soak the saturated rock sample in oil (water) and set it aside.

2. Process preparation

Ensure that the liquid in the storage container and various pumps is sufficient. If it is insufficient, please add it.

3. Installation of rock cores

Take out the pre saturated rock core from the beaker, place it in the clamp rubber sleeve, install the clamp plug, and tighten the rock sample.

4. Apply ring pressure to seal the rock sample

⑴. Manually apply ring pressure

Turn the manual and automatic switches on the control panel to the manual position, turn on the ring pressure pump switch, and when the pressure is increased to the required value, turn off the ring pressure pump switch.

⑵. Automatic ring pressure

Turn the manual and automatic switches on the control panel to the automatic position. In the computer experimental program, click the experiment start button, and the computer will automatically control the start and stop of the ring pressure pump, and track the displacement pressure to maintain the difference between the ring pressure and displacement pressure.

5. Apply back pressure

Backpressure control is achieved by applying control pressure to the back pressure valve, with an additional control pressure of gas to ensure control accuracy. When the gas pressure is insufficient, a manual pump can be used to increase the gas pressure by using water to pressurize the buffer container.

6. Heating up

First, turn on the fan switch of the constant temperature box on the panel, then turn on the heating switch. Set the temperature to be heated on the temperature controller, and the temperature controller will automatically control the constant temperature box to reach the desired temperature.

The temperature setting method of the temperature controller is detailed in the temperature controller user manual

The heating temperature can also be set on the computer.

To stop heating, simply turn off the heating switch or set the temperature controller to below the ambient temperature.

7. Forward and backward displacement

When the core needs to be displaced in both directions, the liquid flow direction can be changed by switching the three-way valves at both ends of the clamp. Refer to the flowchart for details

8. Vacuum system

Can be used to evacuate and fill the intermediate container with liquid.

Loading the dry rock core into the gripper allows for the extraction of saturated water from the core.

Turn on the vacuum pump switch and connect the process to evacuate the system.

After turning off the vacuum pump, it is necessary to promptly open the valve to vent and prevent oil return.

9. Experimental evaluation

Various experimental methods are detailed in the industry standards for experimental evaluation.